“Eeeeeh, munyamakuru we urasetsa barahari nyine, na meshaje (message), barayandikisha maze! “Nanjye sinzi gusoma pe, ariko bintera isoni.”
” Ngo meshaje banyandikira ngo iki? “wenda ngo sheri nanjye ndagukunda cyane, nta wundi
nizera nkawe, je t’aime!”
“Nanjye byambayeho hari umugabo w’umukire dusengana, ajya guhamagara umuntu akampereza fone ngo nimurebere nimero ahamagare, cyangwa yakwaka nimero agahita aguhereza telefoni ngo uzishyiremo”
Aya ni amagambo nabwiwe n’abantu batandukanye, mbabaza niba koko hari aho abantu bacyandikisha ubutumwa kuko batazi gusoma, kwandikwa no kubara.
Reka sinkomeze cyane gutebya mvuga ku buryo biteye isoni kubona umuntu ukuze utazi gusoma, ariko reka nkoreshe imibare kugira ngo byumvikane neza. Ariko igisubizo ku kibazo nabajije ni “Byashoboka ko bahari.”
Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ibarurishamibare kigaragaza ko 30% by’abanyarwanda bakuze batazi gusoma, kwandika no kubara. Abanyarwanda 57% usanga bararangije amashuri abanza, 11% baba bararangije amashuri yisumbuye, mu gihe 2% barangije kaminuza.
Ikindi gitangaje mu gihe mu Rwanda umubare w’abagore uri hejuru y’uw’abagabo, n’ubundi imibare yerekana ko abagore 28% batabashije gukandagira mu ishuri. Mu gihe abagabo ari 23%.
Dufatiye kuri iyi mibare irahita yerekana ko abasore cyangwa inkumi zirambagiza byashoboka ko zicyandikisha ubutumwa bw’urukundo bitewe no kutamenya gusoma no kwandika.
Hari ababifata nk’ikibazo cyoroshye ariko kirakomeye ndetse cyane. Uyu munsi u Rwanda rufatwa nk’igihugu gifite umuvuduko udasanzwe mu iterambere. Inzobere mu bukungu zivuga ko bigoye kwizera iterambere mu gihe hari umubare munini w’abantu batazi gusoma kwandika no kubara.
Ntabwo nshaka kuvuga ko iterambere ritabaho abo bantu bagihari ariko babaye bose bazi gusoma byakoroha cyane gukomeza iryo terambere. Nk’uko ibarura rusange riheruka ryabyerekanye muri 2012, u Rwanda rwari rutuwe na miliyoni 10,5.
Iri barura ryerekanaga ko abaturage bafite hejuru y’imyaka 15 kuzamura, abagera kuri 65% bari bazi gusoma no kwandika no kubara. Niba ntibeshye 2012-2015 , ubwo niba habarurwa 30% batabizi bivuze ko 5% batari babizi icyo gihe bamaze kumenya gusoma kwandika no kubara.
Akenshi usanga abantu badahita biyumvisha impamvu nyamukuru hari abantu bakiyumvisha ko aho u Rwanda rugeze haba hari abantu batazi gusoma kandi amashuri yariyongereye. Ariko bifite impamvu.
Ariko reka nkoreshe urugero rw’itangazo nigeze kumva mu itorero ADEPR rishishikariza abakuze kuwiga gusoma. Rigira riti ” turingingira abantu bose, batazi gusoma kwandika no kubara ko kubigisha ari ubuntu. Kandi reka tubabwire ko biteye isoni kubona waza mu rusengero witwaje Bibiliya kandi utazi kuyisoma. Kuba waza kwiga ukuze ariko ukabimenya ,ntibiteye isoni nko kuba wabyanga ukazakorwa n’isoni bakubwiye ngo dusomere uyu murongo bikakunanira.”
Uyu mupasiteri agitanga itangazo nahise nibaza nti. “ubundi ari igihugu, ari itorero , ari utazi gusoma ni nde wungukira cyane mu kumenya gusoma no kwandika? Igisubizo kiroroshye kukibona.
Uyu munsi kubera uku kwinginga kwa ADEPR , imibare yerekana ko mu gihugu hose aho batangije iyi gahunda, kuva 1999 kugeza muri 2014, abaturage bakuze 851. 713 bigishijwe n’iri torero bamenya gusoma kwandika no kubara.
Ngarutse gato ku ngaruka zo kutamenya gusoma no kwandika no kubara njye numva ko n’ubwo bigaragara ko mubice by’icyaro ariho hari umubare munini w’abatazi gusoma no kwandika bitagakwiye kuba urwitwazo ko hadashyirwamo izindi mbaraga.
Kuko no muri Kigali imibare yerekana ko abagera kuri 11,7% batazi gusoma , mu gihe mu mu ntara zindi bangana na 30%. Hari ingero zisekeje ngira ngo ntange,
Hari urugero rumwe rusekeje ariko rwa kera mbere ya 1990, ni umwarimu wigeze kuruduha. Ngo umugabo yakoraga isuku kuri Sous-Prefecture atazi gusoma no kwandika, bamuha impapuro ishetu ajyana kuri Komini. Rumwe agomba kuruha Burugumesitiri, urundi Kontabure, urundi Kadereri. Ngo kugira ngo atibagirwa azishyira mu mifuka itandukanye. Akagenda akora kuri buri mufuka avuga ati ” hano ni Burugumesitiri, hano ni Kontabure hano ni Kadereri. Ngo ageze mu nzira umuntu aramuramutsa. Bituma arekura umufuka yari agezeho. Bituma anyuranya abo yari guha ubwo butumwa yahise atangira bundi bushya ku mufuka utari wo.”
Hari n’izindi ngero z’abitwaza za Bibiliya mu nsengero, mu gihe cyo gusoma ijambo ry’Imana ugasanga yayicuritse ameze nk’urimo gusoma, kuko aba atazi ibyanditse bituritse cyangwa bidacuritse.
Hari n’ingero zindi z’abasore bajya gusezerana cyangwa se n’ahandi bibasaba gusoma inyandiko ,ugasanga barabasomera nabo bagasubiramo. N’izindi ngero nyinshi tutarondora.
Hari imigani bajya bavuga ngo ushaka guhisha umwirabura amuhisha mu nyandiko ariko vuba aha numvise ko wahinduwe ngo ” ushaka guhisha umunyarwanda amuhisha mu nyandiko.” N’ubwo iyi mvugo isa n’iyerekana ko n’ubusanzwe abanyarwanda Gusoma Atari umuco wacu, numva byaba bibabaje kureka hakagira bamwe biyumvisha ko kuba batazi gusoma no kwandika ariko bafite amafaranga bitabangamye.
Kugira abaturage bajijutse ni inzira yoroshye y’iterambere. Kandi kugira iterambere rishingiye ku bumenyi byoroha kurisigasira. Naho kuba umubare w’abakuze batazi gusoma ukiri 30% numva hakomezwa ubukangurambaga bushishikariza abantu kugana amasomero. Tugatandukana n’abandikisha amabaruwa y’urukundo, ndetse bakajya no gusomesha ibyo bandikiwe.
src: Izuba Rirashe
